#Subtitles in apa papers manual#

So, for example, if you need to cite an article titled 'Deep Blue: The Mysteries of the Marianas Trench' that was published in the journal Oceanographic Study: A Peer-Reviewed Publication, you would write the article title as follows:.

Do not enclose the article title in quotes.

Do not italicize or underline the article title.

Capitalize the first word of the titles and subtitles of journal articles, as well as the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and any proper nouns.

Academic journal titles have all major words capitalized, while other sources' titles do not. This distinction is based on the type of source being cited.Note that this differs from the rule for titling other common sources (like books, reports, webpages, and so on) described above. Capitalize all major words in the titles of journals.For example, you should use PhiloSOPHIA instead of Philosophia, or Past & Present instead of Past and Present.Maintain any nonstandard punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title.Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as chapters in books or essays in edited collections.īasic Rules for Articles in Academic Journals.Italicize titles of longer works (e.g., books, edited collections, names of newspapers, and so on).Note again that the titles of academic journals are subject to special rules.When referring to the titles of books, chapters, articles, reports, webpages, or other sources, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent.Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.If there are 21 or more authors, use an ellipsis (but no ampersand) after the 19th author, and then add the final author’s name. Use an ampersand (&) before the last author’s name. Separate each author’s initials from the next author in the list with a comma. Give the last name and first/middle initials for all authors of a particular work up to and including 20 authors ( this is a new rule, as APA 6 only required the first six authors).If a middle name isn't available, just initialize the author's first name: 'Smith, J.'.For example, the reference entry for a source written by Jane Marie Smith would begin with 'Smith, J.

Authors' first and middle names should be written as initials.All authors' names should be inverted (i.e., last names should be provided first).All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin.All text should be double-spaced just like the rest of your essay. Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay label this page 'References' in bold, centered at the top of the page (do NOT underline or use quotation marks for the title). Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.

It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Your reference list should appear at the end of your paper.

#Subtitles in apa papers manual#

For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (7 th ed.). Note: Because the information on this page pertains to virtually all citations, we've highlighted one important difference between APA 6 and APA 7 with an underlined note written in red. Thus, this page presents basic guidelines for citing academic journals separate from its 'ordinary' basic guidelines. However, because sources obtained from academic journals carry special weight in research writing, these sources are subject to special rules. Most sources follow fairly straightforward rules. This resourse, revised according to the 7 th edition APA Publication Manual, offers basic guidelines for formatting the reference list at the end of a standard APA research paper. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission.